Conférence scientifique du vendredi midi - Kin Chan

Analyses of base substitution patterns in diverse species reveal links between metabolic processes and mutagenesis in cancers

vendredi 29 avril 2022 de 12:00 à 13:00

Pour l'axe Maladies immunitaires et cancers

Résumé

Analyses of large-scale cancer sequencing data reveal that mutagenic processes create distinctive patterns of base substitutions, called mutational signatures. To determine whether similar patterns exist more generally, we analyzed substitutions from seven model species and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 42 species, totalling >1.9 billion variants.

We found that base substitution patterns for many species most closely match single base substitution (SBS) mutational signature 5 in cancers, and that the pattern of human SNPs is almost exactly the same as this signature.

SBS5 is ubiquitous in cancers and normal human cells, suggesting that similar patterns of mutation across species are likely due to conserved biochemistry. Wet lab experiments confirmed key roles for error-prone translesion DNA synthesis and energy metabolism. In addition, we analyzed the mutational patterns induced by formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, both thought to be human carcinogens.

The pattern from formaldehyde turns out to be a match to another common cancer mutational signature of unknown etiology, SBS40. Our results yield important new insights into common forms of mutagenesis in cancers and point to possible interventions.

Présenté par

• Kin Chan, PhD
  Assistant Professor
  Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology
  Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology
  University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicinel

Date et lieu

Vendredi 29 avril 12h à 13h

• Présentiel (Entrée libre)
  Amphithéâtre Justine-Lacoste-Beaubien (A.9)
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